CURRENT AFFAIR GUIDE ESPECIALLY FOR COMPETITIVE EXAMS ( CSS, PMS, PCS, AD IB, AD FIA JUDICIARY)

                 The Treaty of Lausanne 11, which reduced the size of the contemporary Turkish state's territory and forced it to cede sizable portions of its own, has never been forgotten by the Turks. In light of Turkey's desire to get rid of the effects of the Convention and restore its rights, which the Allies had usurped, and the fact that Turkey believes the Convention's text is unfair to its rights, was it therefore not strange to hear Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan address the issue during regular meetings with Turkish mayors? The Treaty of Lausanne of 1923, which was signed by the victorious Allies of the First World War, including the United Kingdom (Britain), Ireland, France, Russia, Italy, and Britain, established the modern Turkish Republic, noting that Britain had created several unjust and painful conditions to the rights of the Ottoman Empire. the declaration of a secular state, the abolishment of the caliphate, the exile of the caliph and his fami

                      After discussing the effects of China and Afghanistan on Pakistan in the article from the previous week, I'll move on to India, Pakistan's third neighbor, which is currently dealing with its own issues. Some of them were discussed when the nation celebrated its 75th birthday, a day after Pakistan celebrated its 75th birthday on August 14. It might be good to discuss why Pakistan's birthdate is one day earlier than India's before I talk about the Indian scenario.   The last Viceroy dispatched to India by the British government, Lord Louis Mountbatten, made it known that he wanted to continue serving as Governor General of both the dominions of India and Pakistan as the British prepared to depart their Indian colony and return to London. Extensive preparations had been made for the swearing-in of the new government, which would be led by Jawaharlal Nehru, who along with Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi had led the campaign for independence, on August

                 A YEAR has passed since the Taliban stormed Kabul to restore control of Afghanistan, some 20 years after American soldiers toppled the country's hardline Islamic government in the wake of the 9/11 attacks. Although there was a promise of some restraint, it was a return to the previous order.   Sadly, the Taliban government has completely returned to its previous practices. Afghanistan is experiencing a significant step backward as basic human rights are severely restricted, even though the war is over and there is a largely peaceful environment. The Taliban government may still be in contact with the outside community, but there is no indication that they have received official recognition.   Even those nations that had been in favor of a more lenient approach to them have expressed grave concern over the Taliban because of their own intransigence, which was encouraged by the hard-liners among them, regarding women and other human rights as well as their c

                 Despite ongoing talks between Islamabad and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to recommence the USD 6 billion rescue package from the IMF, Pakistan is on the edge of bankruptcy as the country's economic status is facing a dismal future with no immediate bright outlook.   As of June 21, the Pakistani Rupee (PKR) had crossed the 212 USD mark. Pakistan, on the other hand, has fewer than six weeks' worth of import coverage left and its foreign exchange reserves have critically declined. Currently, the reserves are less than $9 billion, according to a Pakistan Tribune report.   Over the past year, the value of the Pakistani rupee has plummeted by a staggering 34% (or PKR 53.67). In June of the previous year, it ended at PKR 157.54. With a decline of around 16.5 percent (since December 31, 2001) against the US Dollar, the Pakistani Rupee has thus become Asia's "worst-performing currency in 2022," ranking last among a group of 13 peers that a